Configuring Hardware and Software
for Network 21 Cutover

Table of Contents

Introduction

The transition from UCDNet to Network 21 will bring many changes to our computing environment. One will be the reconfiguration of computers to enable them to connect to the new network. For some, this may be as simple as changing the Internet Protocol (IP) address. For others, it will require installation and configuration of a Network Interface Card (NIC), and the software necessary for network communications. The following is designed to guide you in connecting to Network 21. Use this document before and during your configuration of hardware and software for your department. We recommend that you review this document prior to hardware (e.g., NIC) purchases.

DNS Configuration

With the cutover to Network 21, there will  be a change in the addresses of our campus Domain Name Servers. As you transition to the new campus address space, you will need to change your DNS configuration to these new addresses:

• Primary DNS - 169.237.250.250
• Secondary DNS - 169.237.1.250

Information on how to change these numbers can be found under the "IP Address Configuration" section for your particular operating system.

IP Address Configuration

There are three important configuration values needed for every TCP/IP installation regardless of hardware: the IP address to be used for that computer (which is unique to that computer), the IP address of the local network router (or gateway), and the subnet mask for the local network. What will differ is how this information will be entered. All these values will be in the following form: xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx, where "x" represents a number from 0 to 255. It is important to obtain the correct settings for your network. (Two additional settings which are important but not essential are the address of the Domain Name Server and the host name of the computer.)

DOS

WINDOWS 3.1

WINDOWS FOR WORKGROUPS 3.11 (WFW)

WINDOWS 95

WINDOWS NT 3.X (Server and Workstation)

WINDOWS NT 4.0

1. Click on the "Network" icon in the "Control Panel" window.

2. Select the "Protocol" Tab in the "Network" window, highlight the "TCP/IP Protocol", and click on the "Properties" button.

3. This will display the configuration dialog box. Your network administrator will advise you regarding configuration if DHCP or WINS is used in your network. Otherwise, you will need only to enter information for the three essential values. If you have more than one network card, you will have to do this for each card.

4. Next click on the "DNS" tab, which will allow you to enter the host name of your machine and the address(es) of your Domain Name Server(s). You may also enter the domain names of frequently contacted domains. If you are uncertain of this information, you should be able to obtain it from your network administrator (or the same person who provided you with your IP address, router address, and subnet mask).

MACINTOSH

1. From the "Apple" menu select the "Control Panels" menu item.
2. Click on the "MacTCP" icon.
3. Click on the "More" button in the "MacTCP" dialog box.
4. The "Manual" setting should be selected. (If the "Server" setting is selected you should see your network administrator first.)
5. Make all appropriate IP address changes. (Note: Subnet mask is controlled with the slide bar.)
6. Once these settings are complete click on "OK." This will return you to the first dialog box where your individual IP address is set.

• Open Transport:

1. From the "Apple" menu, click on "Control Panels" and open the "TCP/IP" control panel icon.
2. Set the "Connect via:" option to "Ethernet," set "Configure" to "Manually," enter all necessary IP address information, and select "OK."
3. Follow step 1 but this time open the "AppleTalk" control panel.
4. Set "Connect via:" to "Ethernet" and select "OK."

THIRD PARTY PRODUCTS

Network Card Installation

The number and variety of Network Interface Cards (NICs) available make it impossible to outline in detail instructions for installing every possible type. What follows is a general overview, referring you to your user manual when necessary.

Case Scenarios

1. Replace each thinnet card with a combo card.
2. Install transceiver.
3. Install a second NIC (10BASE-T) to be activated at cutover. (This is not recommended.)

• Note: We urge you not to wait until actual cutover to replace your old NIC with a new one.
• Token Ring cards are installed.

1. Install a second NIC (10BASE-T) to be activated at cutover.

• Note: It is desirable, but not always possible, to do this. You may need to allocate additional time and/or resources to replace the cards on the day of cutover.
• AppleTalk cards are installed.

1. Install 10BASE-T device and activate at cutover.

Installing New Cards

Caution: A computer is an electrical device that is supplied by 120 volts A/C. Although voltages throughout are very low, make certain the machine is turned off and unplugged before opening and always exercise caution while working inside the computer. Additionally, static charges well below the voltage that you can feel may damage the equipment you are installing. A grounding strap, which attaches at one end to your arm and at the other to a grounded plug, is highly recommended for discharging of the static electricity that naturally builds up on your body.

• Network card installation for both the Mac and PC requires only a few basic steps:

1. Following the instructions in your user manual, power off the computer and remove the cover.
2. Follow the instructions, also in the user manual, for installation of new cards.
3. Before removing the card from its protective packaging, first discharge any possible static charge from your body. This may be done by touching any part of the metal frame of the computer (which must be plugged in, but switched off for this to be effective). When handling the card, be very careful not to touch any of its electronic parts or connectors.
4. Once the card is installed, check to ensure it is fully seated in its slot.
5. After the card has been properly inserted, replace the computer's cover.

Replacing Cards

Caution: A computer is an electrical device that is supplied by 120 volts A/C. Although voltages throughout are very low, make certain the machine is turned off and unplugged before opening and always exercise caution while working inside the computer. Additionally, static charges well below the voltage that you can feel may damage the equipment you are installing. A grounding strap, which attaches at one end to your arm and at the other to a grounded plug, is highly recommended for discharging of the static electricity that naturally builds up on your body.

• Macintoshes:

1. After removing the old card, follow the procedure for new card installation.

•  PCs:

Adding a Transceiver

1. The Apple Attachment Unit Interface (AAUI) Ethernet adapter port is built-in on newer Macs and Powerbooks. The AAUI port is a small D-shaped connector; on the Mac, the port is labeled with an icon that looks similar to this: <...>
2. If you have an AAUI port, use the transceiver to connect the D-shaped AAUI port to your LAN wiring. For a Mac, plug the transceiver into the AAUI port at one end and into a 10BASE-T cable at the other.
3. Note: For a Power Mac with both an AAUI and a 10BASE-T connector, use the 10BASE-T connector instead of an AAUI transceiver. (You will still need a 10BASE-T cable.)

• AUI to 10BASE-T Ethernet (PC, UNIX, printers, Macintosh, etc.):

1. AUI to 10BASE-T transceivers are common and inexpensive. If it is impractical or impossible to replace the internal NIC in your device, you can use a transceiver to convert your AUI connector to a 10BASE-T connector. [Note: Some devices (e.g., Sun Sparc) require a slim-line model for proper connection.]

• BNC to 10BASE-T Ethernet:

1. Thinnet to 10BASE-T microrepeaters are expensive. It is typically more cost effective to replace the NIC in your device than to use a Thinnet to 10BASE-T microrepeater. If you do decide to use a transceiver instead of purchasing a new NIC, use an AUI to 10BASE-T transceiver. [While it is conceivable that a microrepeater might connect an entire Thinnet segment (including multiple workstations) to a single 10BASE-T port, this is strongly discouraged under Network 21 policy. Please see the "10BASE-T Standard for Desktop Connections to Network 21" section of the "Network 21 Cutover Policy" document at http://net21.ucdavis.edu/newcut.htm]

• SCSI to 10BASE-T Ethernet (Macintosh):

1. Powerbooks and some other Macs often come equipped with a built-in SCSI port. (The SCSI port is a diamond-shaped icon that looks like a diamond with a slot through one corner.)
2. Use a SCSI to 10BASE-T Ethernet transceiver on Powerbooks without an AAUI port. The transceiver plugs into your Mac SCSI port at one end and a 10BASE-T cable at the other.
3. When it is impractical to install an internal NIC, use a SCSI to 10BASE-T Ethernet transceiver for a Mac without an AAUI port.
4. Some SCSI to Ethernet adapters are powered through the SCSI port; some have a separate power supply that must be plugged into a wall socket or surge suppresser strip.
5. Note: Some SCSI to Ethernet transceivers allow you to daisy chain your SCSI devices. In other words, the SCSI to Ethernet transceiver does not prevent you from using the SCSI port for other SCSI devices.

Network Card Software

Once a Network Interface Card has been installed, software applications must be able to communicate with it. To make this communication possible, two software devices must be installed and configured. One is called the network card driver, which allows software to communicate with the computer's particular network card. The other, called a protocol stack, is the software that determines how computers communicate with one another.

PCs:

PC network cards have two hardware settings relating to software: the card's hardware (I/O) address and the hardware interrupt request (IRQ) line. Some older network cards set these values using jumpers, which are located on the card itself. With most new cards, the values are set with the software that comes with the card. The following descriptions are for generic or built-in configurations. Third-party solutions require special configuration information.

DOS

The appropriate network card driver for DOS is the "packet driver." To install this driver, copy the file to the computer's hard drive and invoke the driver with the proper hardware settings (these can usually be determined by invoking the driver with no switches). The driver is normally installed in the autoexec.bat file. If the card is a replacement, then the new packet driver will be substituted for the old one.

WINDOWS 3.1

WINDOWS FOR WORKGROUPS 3.11 ("WFW")

WINDOWS 95

WINDOWS NT 3.X (Workstation & Server)

MACINTOSH

THIRD PARTY NETWORKING SOFTWARE

UNDETECTED CARDS

1. The card is not included in the existing Windows list.
1. Choose "Unlisted Adapter" (or "Have Disk" button in Windows 95) and locate the directory of the driver from the floppy supplied by the card manufacturer.
2. The card has not been properly installed.
1. Reseat the card and try detecting it again.
3. The card is defective.
1. Test the card with the diagnostic software supplied by the manufacturer.

Communicating Across Networks

During cutover, situations undoubtedly will arise in which one or more machines or devices will exist on Network 21 while others on the same Local Area Network remain on UCDNet. This section addresses how to accomplish communication between computers and devices under these circumstances.

PCs ONLY:

1. TCP/IP protocol will be required with host or lmhost entries to the computers involved in sharing.

• UNIX-type Server Services (from DOS or Windows):

1. TCP/IP protocol will be required with host entries to the computers involved in using the service or appropriate DNS changes.

• File and Print Servers:

1. TCP/IP protocol will be required with host or lmhost entries to the computers involved in connecting to the server between networks.
2. Establish a WINS (Windows Internet Name Service) server and specify the WINS server on each workstation (TCP/IP implied).
3. For non-TCP/IP systems, establish a tunnel between the two networks or establish the server as a router between the two networks (hardware and software permitting).

• Network Printers:

1. Non-TCP/IP printers move with the server (if available) and users print to server print queue.
2. Change from network printer to a printer shared from a workstation.
3. If TCP/IP printer, update LPD with new address.

MACINTOSHES ONLY:

Macintoshes nearly always use the AppleTalk protocol for network communications with other Macintoshes. Because AppleTalk is an nonrouted protocol, it must be encapsulated inside a protocol that can communicate with the routers (in this case, TCP/IP). This encapsulation process is known as tunneling.

1. Establish a tunnel using a gateway (i.e., FastPath, GatorBox) across the networks and/or locations.

• Network Printers:

1. Establish a tunnel using a gateway (FastPath, GatorBox) across the networks.
2. If you have multiple printers, divide them among the old (UCDNet) network and the new (Network 21) network. While each printer will be available only on its respective network, this will provide printing capabilities to both networks.

Both PCs and MACINTOSHES (Interoperability Issues Only):

• Network Printers:

For further information: